Carbon Glossary

consult this document whenever you do not understand one of the acronyms or technical terms in carbon's educational materials glossary glossary term description ao automatic operation ao backpack a part of the ao suite, the ao backpack is an m3/m3 max printers accessory that enables unattended printing with minimal downtime between cycles ao platform this platform is designed to work with the ao backpack and must be used in place of the standard build platform included with the m3/m3 max printer the ao platform can be used for standard manual printing api application programming interface app automatic print preparation asme american society of mechanical engineers automatic debris removal the process by which m3/m3 max printers fitted with an ao backpack remove small debris to ensure continuous operation base raft a raft, or base raft, is a supports feature that spaces bar supports closer together with large bases that connect most, or all, supports together in a single unit bem base exposure multiplier the unitless factor that the base exposure time is multiplied by to change the amount of time the first slice is cured the first slice of a print commonly requires a higher amount of exposure to promote adhesion to the platform the base exposure multiplier (bem) is the multiple of nominal exposure compensation applied to the base bin the bin is an accessory that comes with an ao backpack, which holds the parts basket and captures resin that drips off parts bridge the bridge holds the platform and moves it vertically during printing on m3 and m3 max printers see also build arm for m1, m2, and l1 printers brightline brightline uses high photon doses at the edge of the part but reduces the photon dose in the interior of the part this reduction in total photons reduces light scattering (aka brightlining) build consists of all parts laid out on a platform ready for printing build arm the build arm holds the platform and moves it vertically during printing on m1, m2, and l1 printers see also bridge for m3, m3 max printers build time see print time ca carbon academy carbon's educational platform used by customers and employees to learn about carbon materials, equipment, processes, etc cassette the cassette is a removable appliance that sits on the printer deck and holds liquid resin during printing cdp carbon design program (retired) ce brand name for carbon cyanate ester ce 221 (retired resin) chiller the chiller is an external accessory that removes excess heat from the coolant that is circulated through the l1 printer this keeps the printer cool and functioning normally clamp pots a mounting point used on the m3 to ensure that the cassette and platform are precisely installed in the printer each clamp pot in the printer is aligned with a pull stud on the cassette or platform see also pull stud clip™ continuous liquid interface production carbon's proprietary clip technology enables dls parts to avoid window contact due to the "continuous liquid interface" between the part and the window the heart of the clip process is the dead zone cloud prepare print preparation software not directly tied to a printer, allows customers without a printer to access much of the software stack cm contract manufacturer cpk process capability index cpn carbon production network the carbon production network (cpn) is a global ecosystem of leading industry design firms and contract manufacturers who are experts in the carbon idea to production platform cross section the area of the part currently printing the current uv projection slice crystallization refers to the formation of crystals in part a of certain epu resins crystallization occurs when resin is stored below recommended temperatures, especially during shipping the crystals can impede dispensing and affect the appearance of printed parts to mitigate crystallization, follow instructions for individual epu resins on the dispensing & printing grid of or the specific epu course or protocol sheet cure thru the amount of resin that goes beyond the build slice cure thru occurs when light penetrates vertically through a thin slice of material and cures resin on the back side of the slice it is essentially overcure in the z axis this phenomenon causes holes to be oblong and 0 050 0 200 mm smaller than nominal in the z axis (see also overcure) daa diacetone alcohol date of manufacture the date on which a material is first produced, as recorded in the batch record and stated on coa/coc dead zone the defining component of dls printing, the dead zone is a thin oxygen rich layer of resin above the window the oxygen inhibits curing, which keeps the printed part from sticking to the window and maintains space for liquid resin throughout the print deepest pixel based on the stl geometry, the deepest pixel is the longest distance (in pixels) that resin must flow to reach the interior of the part the largest distance across all parts for a given slice will be displayed delamination part defect part has disconnected slices with horizontal, eye shaped holes dlp digital light processing a 3d printing (additive manufacturing) technology which utilizes light and a liquid resin to make solid parts and products dls™ digital light synthesis™ carbon's breakthrough resin based 3d printing process that uses digital light projection, oxygen permeable optics, and engineering grade materials to produce polymeric parts with exceptional mechanical properties, resolution, and surface finish dma dimethyl adipate (retired solvent) dom date of manufacture door (printer) the door is the curved, transparent yellow barrier that encloses and protects the build area dpm dipropylene glycol methyl ether a solvent used to wash parts after printing dual cure resin a carbon produced resin with engineering grade mechanical properties produced by curing with both light and heat uv light sets the initial shape of the part during printing heat applied to the part after printing activates a secondary chemical reaction that causes the material to take on exceptionally strong characteristics e stop emergency stop refers to the large red button on powered carbon hardware (m1, m2, m3, l1 and smart part washer) that immediately stops operation of the equipment in an emergency situation eap early access program a program where carbon gives customers early access to a product materials, software, etc ec exposure compensation eh\&s environmental health and safety eol end of life epu brand name for carbon elastomeric polyurethane materials epu 40, epu 41, etc epx brand name for carbon epoxy materials epx 82, epx 86fr, epx 150 erp enterprise resource planning et exposure time expiration date the last day on which a material should be used end of carbon’s guarantee of product performance according to specification exposure time the amount of time the light engine will emit photons to cure a slice fdm fused deposition modeling, an additive manufacturing technology that builds parts by melting a filament of thermoplastic material ffb force feedback file uploader an application where you can set up one or more folders from which to automatically upload files to carbon for the purpose of automation foot switch foot activated switch at the bottom of printers and the part washer m1/m2 printers open/close the door, m3/m3 max printers open/close the door and optionally start a print, l1 printers start the print, and the part washer opens/closes the lid force feedback a built in feature in generation 2 printers (m3, m3 max, l1) that allows the printer to adapt in real time to suction forces and resin flow this leads to more first print successes and fewer print defects a ffb print plan adjusts as the printer measures forces fpu brand name for carbon flexible polyurethane materials fpu 50 fr flame resistant group how one part relates to another in an automation pipeline, typically by an order number or patient case heaters sometimes referred to as heating elements, span the projection volume opening in m3, m3 max, and l1 printers it is used to warm certain resins during printing to decrease viscosity hdpe high density polyethylene ibc intermediate bulk container also called ibc tote carbon materials can be shipped in 1000 liter ibc totes for production applications input file the original file uploaded to the carbon cloud ipa isopropyl alcohol a solvent used to wash uncured resin from parts after printing light dose the product of the light intensity and exposure time that the printed part receives during printing minimum useful life the amount of shelf life remaining when the product is shipped typically carbon resin products are sold with a minimum useful life of six months, but there are exceptions (for example, dpr 10 has a minimum useful life of 3 months) consult the price list for the shelf life and minimum useful life of carbon resin products mmd meter, mix, and dispense equipment used for 2 part resins mml metamaterials library resource library behind design engine's lattice search model type the type of file you are printing which tells automation software how to prepare the part for printing motor down speed during the pump down stage, how fast the platform moves down to the height of the next slice pump down speeds are generally 1 5 3x faster than pump up speeds motor up speed how fast the platform moves during the pump up stage after finishing a slice faster pump up speeds generally mean higher print forces, which can affect print success mpu brand name for carbon multi purpose polyurethane mpu 100 ncd network connectivity device the ncd is a laptop used during installation to verify that each printer is connected to the network oem original equipment manufacturer oq operational qualification overcure resin that cures beyond the build slice in the xy plane overcure is an effect caused by light scattering horizontally at the edges of a slice, where the material is thinner and less opaque this scattered light cures resin adjacent to the part and typically causes an additional 0 010 0 075 mm of part curing this effect is greater in smaller cavities due to higher local temperatures (see also cure thru) overshoot an oven going over the specified bake temperature oxygen supply also referred to as an external o2 source, used to supply oxygen to an l1 printer, which may be an oxygen concentrator or oxygen tank parameter range the value range applied with a print plan adjustment parameter across a specified slice range the value can be constant or linearly interpolated to ramp the parameter up or down part when an input file has been prepared for printing in an automation pipeline, it is now considered a part part cross section see cross section part preparation operations the set of instructions in an automation pipeline to prepare a part for the printing process, such as orienting, supporting, labeling, etc part slice see slice parts basket the parts basket is an accessory that comes with an ao backpack, which holds parts that have been removed automatically from the ao platform pg propylene glycol a solvent used in conjunction with ipa to clean ce 221 pipeline a set of automation instructions that includes all of the information required to take individual parts and generate a build queued for printing platform the platform is a removable appliance with a flat surface upon which parts are printed it is held in place by the printer's build arm (or bridge), which moves vertically to build parts when printing is completed, the platform is removed from the printer so that parts can be processed pot life the useful life of mixed resin once a two part resin is mixed, it must be used within a certain amount of time each two part resin has a specific pot life ppa print plan adjustments pq performance qualification pre exposure delay during the settle down stage, this is the minimum amount of time before the print forces will be considered settled, regardless of the force reading from the print if the printer used is force feedback capable, force feedback may add additional delay above this minimum print plan the program created by the printer software during print analysis that controls the printer movements and the creation of the part during printing print speed an estimate of the print speed per slice (all 5 stages) on force feedback capable printers, this estimate may not be able to fully account for the influence of force feedback on the print force feedback may increase or decrease the print speed during the print print time (build time) the amount of time (hours, minutes, seconds) it takes for a build setup to print pull studs mounting points on the m3 cassette that align with the clamp pots on the build area deck to lock the cassette in place pull studs ensure that the cassette is precisely installed in the printer see also clamp pots pump height height (mm) + slice thickness the platform moves up and then moves back into place for the next slice projection to promote resin flow qa quality assurance qc quality control raft see base raft release film an adhesive film placed over the printer platform to make it easier to remove printed parts rma return merchandise authorization this document is required when sending damaged equipment back to carbon roi return on investment rpu brand name for carbon rigid polyurethane rpu 70, rpu 130 salt baking the process of packing parts in salt during thermal curing in order to mitigate deformation schunks the locking mechanism used on l1 printers to ensure that the cassette and platform are precisely installed in the printer there are four schunks on the deck, or floor of the build area and four on the underside of the build arm for the cassette and platform respectively they use air pressure to open and hold closed if not pressurized sds safety data sheet sell by date the last day that a product can be scheduled to ship to the customer to ensure adequate minimum useful life (shipments can be made past sell by date if sales ops communicates to customer and they are willing to accept a shorter useful life) shelf life the length of time that a properly packaged and stored material will last without undergoing physical or chemical changes sil brand name for carbon silicone materials sil 30 sla stereolithography, an additive manufacturing technology that builds parts by curing liquid resin using a laser slice 2d cross sections through the part where uv light is projected through the liquid resin to cure it into a solid parts are created by projecting a series of slices over time slice range the range of slice numbers to which the print plan adjustment parameter is applied slice thickness the thickness in microns (µm) used to “slice” the part into projections slice time an estimate of how long each slice will take to print (all 5 stages) on force feedback capable printers, this estimate may not be able to fully account for the influence of force feedback on the print force feedback may increase or decrease the time per slice during the print sls selective laser sintering, an additive manufacturing technology that builds parts by melting metal or thermoplastic powder using a laser sop standard operating procedure spc statistical process control stl format a file format used to describe digital 3 dimensional models using triangles widely used by additive manufacturing technologies tds technical data sheet this document lists properties (mechanical, thermal, biocompatibility, etc ) for carbon materials and is available on ui user interface typically refers to the printer ui, which is the software used to prepare and print parts on carbon printers ul underwriters laboratory (safety certification) uma brand name for carbon urethane methacrylate uma 90 1 part resin wow week over week yoy year over year